Character and Narrative: Uncanny Valley

When looking into 3D modelling it is important to keep in mind the limitations that come along with using the method within animation. One limitation of 3D modelling is uncanny valley. This is a phenomenon that occurs when features of a character look and move almost, but not quite naturally, which results in some observers feeling repulsed and uneasy by the appearance of the character. Uncanny Valley was proposed in the 1970's by Japanese robotocist Masahiro Mori, who stated that the more human a robot appeared in both looks and behaviour, the more endearing it would be, but only to a certain point, at which observers would start to have a negative effect towards the character and wouldn't see them the same way, as they would other characters. This is referred to as 'the uncanny valley'. 

There are many cases of the uncanny valley within 3D animation, for example, The Polar Express, Mars Needs Moms and Beowulf are all good examples of uncanny valley.

The Polar Express

Mars Needs Moms

Beowulf

Within each of these animated films, the characters lack a sense of consciousness and are said to appear 'dead behind the eyes' and to look 'creepy' or eerie. The uncanny valley demonstrates the limitations that are present when trying to achieve realism in animation, but there are some things that an be done to reduce this limitation. For example, only using motion that matches the realism of the animation will make the characters easier to 'digest' for the viewers. Another really important factor to consider when using 3D modelling within animation is focus on the eyes and the facial expressions. Whilst body language plays a big role in portraying emotion, so do the eyes and facial expressions of the characters. Less attention should be paid to the detail within the eye and more should be paid to making sure that the eyes are expressive and alive. The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of The Unicorn is a really good example of steps being taken to reduce uncanny valley. The characters within this film appear to have a 'conscience' due to the fact that attention has been put into making sure that the eyes express emotion.

The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of The Unciorn